Introduction to the HSK

The new HSK test was launched by China National Office for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (Hanban) in an effort to better serve Chinese language learners. The test is the result of coordinated efforts by experts from different disciplines including Chinese language teaching, linguistics, psychology and educational measurement. The new exam combines the advantages of the original HSK while taking into consideration recent trends in Chinese language training by conducting surveys and making use of the latest findings in international language testing.

1. HSK structure

The new HSK is an international standardized exam that tests and rates Chinese language proficiency. It assesses non-native Chinese speakers’ abilities in using the Chinese language in their daily, academic and professional lives. There are six levels of writing tests, namely the HSK (level I), HSK (level II), HSK (level III), HSK (level IV), HSK (level V), and HSK (level VI). There are three levels of speaking tests, namely the HSK (elementary level), HSK (intermediate level), and HSK (advanced level). During the speaking test, test takers' speeches will be recorded.

2. Test levels

The different levels of the new HSK are similar to some of the levels in the Chinese Language Proficiency Scales for Speakers of Other Languages (CLPS) and the Common European Framework of Reference (CEF); details are as follows:

Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Level I) can understand and use very simple Chinese phrases, meet basic needs for communication and possess the ability to further their Chinese language studies.

Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Level II) have an excellent grasp of basic Chinese and can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters.

Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Level III) can communicate in Chinese at a basic level in their daily, academic and professional lives. They can manage most communication in Chinese when travelling in China.

Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Level IV) can speak in Chinese on a wide range of topics and are able to communicate fluently with native Chinese speakers.

Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Level V) can read Chinese newspapers and magazines, enjoy Chinese films and TV programs , and give a full-length speech in Chinese.

Test takers who are able to pass the HSK (Level VI) can easily comprehend written and spoken Chinese and can effectively express themselves in Chinese, both in oral and written form.

3. Test principles

The new HSK follows the principle of “test-teaching correlation”, bases the design of the test on the current trends in international Chinese language training, and is closely related to textbooks. The purpose of the test is to “promote training through testing” and “promote learning through testing”.

The new HSK emphasizes the objectivity and accuracy of the evaluation and stresses the learners’ actual Chinese language abilities.

The new HSK sets clear test objectives to allow the test takers to be able to improve their Chinese language abilities in a systematic and efficient way.

4. Testing Purposes

The new HSK retains the former HSK’s orientation as a general (or universal) Chinese language abilities test for adult learners. The results of the test can serve several purposes:

(1) A reference for an educational institution’s decision-making concerning recruiting students, dividing students into different classes, allowing students to skip certain courses and giving students academic credits.

(2) A reference for employers’ decision-making concerning the recruitment, training and promotion of employees.

(3) A method for Chinese language learners to assess and improve their proficiency in Chinese.

(4) A method for Chinese language training institutions to evaluate training results.

5. The issuing of HSK certificates

Candidates will obtain test reports issued by China National Office for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (Hanban) within three weeks after the test.

6. Illustrations on corresponding relationship between new HSK score levels and the original ones

New HSK is based on the development from structuralism to communication linguistics and the new findings of communication linguistics test theories. It follows the principle of “test-teaching correlation”, fills in the low-end vacancy of original HSK while retaining its high-end test, and creates its own system to adjust to the development and promotion of Chinese language.

Though new HSK has its own system and its design philosophy is different from the old one, in order to maintain the sustainability of Chinese proficiency test and overseas students education policy, provide more convenience to test takers, and offer guidance to new arrivals, the corresponding relations of the scores between the old and the new HSK are as follows: